PrepCom 3 - Resumed Session
10 - 14 November 2003

Draft Non-Paper on the Declaration of Principles
05 Nov 03

Non-Paper of the President of the WSIS PrepCom

on the Declaration of Principles

Building the Information Society: a global challenge in the new Millennium

Note: As of 5 November 2003, paragraphs in italic are still under discussion.

A. Our Common Vision of the Information Society

1. (1, 2)¹ We, the representatives of the peoples of the world, assembled in Geneva from 10-12 December 2003 for the first phase of the World Summit on the Information Society, declare our common desire and commitment to build a people-centred, inclusive and development oriented Information Society, where everyone can create, access, utilize and share information and knowledge, enabling individuals, communities and peoples to achieve their full potential in promoting their sustainable development and improving their quality of life, premised on the principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

2. (1, 2, 6) Our challenge is to harness the potential of information and communication technology to promote development goals of the Millennium Declaration, the eradication of poverty and hunger; achievement of universal primary education; promotion of gender equality and empowerment of women; reduction of child mortality; improvement of maternal health; to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases; ensuring environmental sustainability; and development of global partnerships for development for the attainment of a more peaceful, just and prosperous world. We also reiterate our commitment to the achievement of sustainable development and agreed development goals, as contained in the Johannesburg Declaration and Plan of Implementation and the Monterrey Consensus, and other outcomes of relevant UN Summits.

[2bis. Nothing in this declaration shall be construed as impairing, contradicting, restricting or derogating the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, any other international instrument or national laws.]

3. (3, 3bis) We reaffirm the universality, indivisibility, interdependence and interrelation of all human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the right to development, and their ties to the principles of a democratic society, good governance, the rule of law, at [all levels]/[both national and international levels], and sustainable development.

4. (4) We reaffirm, as the foundation/as a foundation/ as an essential foundation of the Information Society and as outlined in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, that everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; that this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. Communication is a fundamental social process, a basic human need and the foundation of all social organization. It is central to the Information Society. Everyone everywhere should have the opportunity to participate and no one should be excluded from the benefits the Information Society offers.

5. (3bis, 4) We shall promote an Information Society where human dignity is respected. We further reaffirm/we reaffirm/ we also reaffirm our commitment to the relevant provisions of Article 29 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, including that everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of their personality is possible and that, in the exercise of their rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.

5bis. (3) In keeping with the spirit of this declaration, we rededicate ourselves to upholding the principle of the sovereign equality of all States.

6. (23) We recognize that science has a central role in the development of the Information Society. Many of the building blocks of the Information Society are the result of scientific and technical advances made possible by the sharing of research results.

6bis. (12, 6) We recognize that education, knowledge, information and communication are at the core of human progress, endeavour and well-being. Further, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have an immense impact on virtually all aspects of our lives. The rapid progress of these technologies opens completely new opportunities to attain higher levels of development. The capacity of these technologies to reduce many traditional obstacles, especially those of time and distance, for the first time in history makes it possible to use the potential of these technologies for the benefit of millions of people in all corners of the world.

7. (6bis) We are aware that ICTs should be regarded as tools and not as an end in themselves. Under favourable conditions, these technologies can be a powerful instrument, increasing productivity, generating economic growth, job creation and employability and improving the quality of life of all. They can also promote dialogue among people, nations and civilizations.

8. (6, 6bis) We are also fully aware that the benefits of the information technology revolution are today unevenly distributed between the developed and developing countries and within societies. We are fully committed to turning this digital divide into a digital opportunity for all, particularly for those who risk being left behind and being further marginalized.

9. (7, 8) We are committed to realising our common vision of the Information Society for ourselves and for future generations. We recognize that young people are the future workforce and leading creators and earliest adopters of ICTs. They must therefore be empowered as learners, developers, contributors, entrepreneurs and decision-makers. We must focus especially on young people who have not yet been able to benefit fully from the opportunities provided by ICTs. We are also committed to creating conditions that provide for the development of ICT applications and services that take into account the rights of children as well as their protection and well-being.

10. (9) We affirm that development of ICTs provides enormous opportunities for women, who should be an integral part of, and key actors, in the Information Society. We are committed to ensuring that the Information Society enables women's empowerment and their full participation on the basis on equality in all spheres of society and in all decision-making processes. We should mainstream a gender perspective and use ICTs as a tool to that end.

11. (9bis) In building the Information Society, we shall pay particular attention to the special needs of marginalized and vulnerable groups of society, including migrants and refugees, unemployed and under-privileged people, minorities and nomadic people. We shall also recognize the special needs of older persons and persons with disabilities.

12. (9bis) We are resolute to empower the poor, particularly those living in remote, rural and marginalized urban areas, to access information and to use ICTs as a tool to support their efforts to lift themselves out of poverty.

13. (10) In the evolution of the Information Society, particular attention must be given to the special situation of indigenous people[s], and to the promotion and protection of their human rights and fundamental freedoms.

14. (10) We continue to pay special attention to the particular needs of developing countries, countries with economies in transition, Least Developed Countries, Small Island Developing States, Landlocked Developing Countries, Highly Indebted Poor Countries, and countries and regions with special needs as well as to conditions that pose severe threats to development, such as natural disasters, [foreign occupation] and post-conflict situations.

15. (7-11) We recognize that building an inclusive Information Society requires new forms of solidarity, partnership and cooperation among governments, the private sector, civil society and international organizations. Realizing that the ambitious goal of this Declaration—bridging the digital divide and ensuring harmonious, fair and equitable development for all—will require strong commitment by all stakeholders, we call for digital solidarity, both at national and international levels.

B. An information Society for all: key principles

16. (13) We are resolute in our quest to ensure that everyone can benefit from the opportunities that ICTs can offer. We agree that to meet these challenges, all stakeholders should work together to: improve access to information and communication infrastructure and technologies as well as to information and knowledge; build capacity; increase confidence, trust and security in the use of ICTs; create an enabling environment at all levels; develop and widen ICT applications; foster and respect cultural diversity; [recognize the role of the media;] address the ethical dimensions of the Information Society; and encourage international and regional cooperation. We agree that these are the key principles for building an inclusive Information Society.

1) The role of all stakeholders in the promotion of ICTs for development

17. (14) Governments, as well as private sector, civil society and the United Nations and other international organizations have an important role and responsibility in the development of the Information Society and, as appropriate, in decision-making processes. Building a people-centred Information Society is a joint effort which requires cooperation and partnership among all stakeholders. The media have a special role in the Information Society.

2) Information and communication infrastructure: an essential foundation for an inclusive information society

18. (15) Connectivity is a central enabling agent in building the Information Society. Universal, ubiquitous, equitable and affordable access to ICT infrastructure and services, including access to energy, and postal services, constitutes one of the challenges of the Information Society and should be an objective of all stakeholders involved in building it, [in conformity with the domestic legislation of each country].

19. (16) A well-developed information and communication network infrastructure and applications, adapted to regional, national and local conditions, easily-accessible and affordable, and making greater use of broadband and other innovative technologies where possible, can accelerate the social and economic progress of countries, and the well-being of all citizens and communities and people.

20. (17) Policies that create a favourable climate for stability, predictability and fair competition at all levels should be developed and implemented in a manner that not only attracts more private investment for ICT infrastructure development but also enables public service obligations to be met in areas where traditional market conditions fail to work. In disadvantaged areas the establishment of ICTs public access points in places such as post offices, schools, libraries and archives, can provide effective means for ensuring universal access to the infrastructure and services of the Information Society.

3) Access to information and knowledge

21. (19) The ability for all to access and contribute information, ideas and knowledge is essential in an inclusive Information Society.

22. (20) The sharing and strengthening of global knowledge for development can be enhanced by removing barriers to equitable access to information for economic, social, political, health, cultural, educational, and scientific activities and by facilitating access to public domain information.

23. (21) A rich public domain is an essential element for the growth of the Information Society, creating multiple benefits such as an educated public, new jobs, innovation, business opportunities, and the advancement of sciences. Information in the public domain should be easily accessible to support the Information Society, and protected from misappropriation. Public institutions such as libraries and archives, museums, cultural collections and other community-based access points should be strengthened so as to promote the preservation of documentary records and free and equitable access to information.

24. (22) Access to information and knowledge can be promoted by increasing awareness among all stakeholders of the possibilities offered by different software applications, including proprietary, open-source and free software, in order to increase competition, freedom of choice and affordability, and to enable all users to evaluate which solution meets their requirements.

25. (23) We encourage promoting universal access with equal opportunities for all to scientific knowledge and the creation and dissemination of scientific and technical information.

4) Capacity building

26. (24) Everyone should have the opportunity to acquire the necessary skills and knowledge in order to understand, participate actively in, and benefit fully from, the Information Society and the knowledge economy. Literacy and universal primary education are key factors for building a fully inclusive information society, paying particular attention to the special needs of girls and women. Given the wide range of ICT and information specialists required at all levels, building institutional capacity deserves special attention.

27. (25) The use of ICTs in all stages of education, training and human resource development should be promoted, taking into account the special needs of persons with disabilities and disadvantaged and vulnerable groups.

28. (26) Continuous and adult education, re-training, life-long learning, distance-learning and other special services, such as telemedicine, can make an essential contribution to employability and help people benefit from the new opportunities offered by ICTs for traditional jobs, self-employment and new professions.

29. (25) Content creators, publishers, and producers, as well as teachers, trainers, archivists, librarians and learners, should play an active role in promoting the Information Society, particularly in the Least Developed Countries.

29bis. (7) Volunteering can be a valuable asset for raising human capacity to make productive use of ICT tools and to build a more inclusive Information Society..

30. (26bis) To achieve a sustainable development of the Information Society, national capability in ICT research and development should be enhanced. Furthermore, partnerships, in particular between developed and developing countries, in research and development, technology transfer, manufacturing and marketing of ICTs product and services are crucial for promoting capacity building and global participation in the Information Society. The manufacture of ICTs presents a significant opportunity for creation of wealth.

31. (26ter) The attainment of the shared aspirations in particular of developing countries to become fully-fledged members of the Information Society, and their positive integration into the knowledge-economy, depends largely on capacity building in the areas of education, technology, know-how and information, which are major factors in determining development and competitiveness.

5) Building confidence, trust and security in the use of ICTs

32. (27) Strengthening the trust framework including [network and information security] authentication, privacy and consumer protection, is a prerequisite for the development of the Information Society and for building confidence among users of ICTs. A global culture of cyber-security needs to be promoted, developed and implemented in co-operation with all stakeholders and international expert bodies. These efforts should be supported by increased international co-operation. Within this global culture of cyber-security, it is important to enhance security and to ensure the protection of data and privacy, [as well as to avoid the creation of barriers to access and trade]. In addition, it must take into account the level of social and economic development of each country and respect the development-oriented aspects of the Information Society.

33. (28) While recognizing the principles of universal and non-discriminatory access to ICTs for all nations, and recalling the relevant resolution of the UNGA, ICTs can potentially be used for purposes that are inconsistent with the objectives of maintaining international stability and security, and may adversely affect the integrity of the infrastructure within States, to the detriment of their security [in both civil and military fields]. It is necessary to prevent the use of information resources and technologies for criminal and terrorist purposes [, consistent with the need to preserve the free flow of information] [in accordance with the legal system of each country].

34. (29) Spam and cyber-security should be dealt with at appropriate national and international levels.

6) Enabling environment

35. (32) An enabling environment at national and international levels is essential for the Information Society. ICTs should be used as an important tool for good governance.

36. (30) The rule of law accompanied by a supportive, transparent, pro-competitive, technologically neutral and predictable policy and regulatory framework reflecting national realities, is essential for building a people-centred information society. Governments should intervene, as appropriate, to correct market failures, to maintain fair competition, to attract investment, to enhance the development of the ICT infrastructure and applications, to maximize economic and social benefits, and to serve national priorities.

37. A dynamic and enabling international environment supportive of foreign direct investment, transfer of technology, and international cooperation, particularly in the areas of finance, debt and trade, as well as full and effective participation of developing countries in global decision-making, are vital complements to national development efforts.

38. (33) Intellectual property protection is essential to encourage the innovation and creativity in the Information Society. However, striking a fair balance between protection of intellectual property, one the one hand, and its use, and knowledge sharing, on the other, is essential to the Information Society. This balance is reflected by protection and flexibilities included in existing Intellectual Property agreements, and should be maintained. Facilitating meaningful participation by all in intellectual property issues through awareness, capacity building and development of legal framework is a fundamental part of an inclusive Information Society.

39. (34) Sustainable development can best be advanced in the Information Society when ICT-related efforts and programmes are fully integrated in national and regional development strategies. Distribution of the benefits of ICT-driven growth contributes to poverty eradication and sustainable development.

40. (35) Standardization is one of the essential building blocks of the Information Society. There should be particular emphasis on the development of international standards. The development and use of open, interoperable, non-discriminatory and demand-driven standards that take into account needs of users and consumers is a basic element in the development of ICTs and more affordable access to them, particularly in developing countries. International standards aim to create an environment where consumers can access services worldwide regardless of underlying technology.

41. (36) The radio frequency spectrum and the satellite orbits are scarce and finite resources. They should be managed in the public and general interest with the object of facilitating peaceful relations, international cooperation among peoples and economic and social development. Because of their nature, such resources should be managed in the most efficient way, and in accordance with the basic principles of equity and legality. National laws and regulations and as well as relevant international agreements shall be respected.

42. (37) [We commit ourselves to taking steps with a view to the avoidance of and refrain from any unilateral measure not in accordance with international law and the Charter of the United Nations that impedes the full achievement of economic and social development by the population of the affected countries, that hinder the well-being of their population, including the benefit from the Information Society.]

43. (38) Recognizing that ICTs are progressively changing our way of working, the creation of a secure, safe and healthy working environment, appropriate to the utilisation of ICTs, respecting core labour standards, is fundamental.

44. (39) The Internet has evolved into a global facility available to the public and its governance should constitute a core issue of the Information Society agenda. The international management of the Internet should be multilateral, transparent and democratic, with the full involvement of governments, the private sector, civil society and international organizations. It should ensure an equitable distribution of resources, facilitate access for all and ensure a stable and secure functioning of the Internet, taking into account multilingualism.

45. (40) The management of the Internet encompasses both technical and policy issues. The private sector has had and should continue to have an important role in the development of the Internet [at the technical level].

[Alternative 40. The management of the Internet encompasses both technical and public policy issues. The private sector has had an important role in the development of the Internet. The private sector should continue to play an important role at the technical and commercial levels.]

46. (41) Policy authority for Internet-related public policy issues should be the sovereign right of countries.

47. (42) [Internet issues of an international nature related to public policies should be coordinated:

Alternatives:

a) between governments and other interested parties.

b) through/by appropriate intergovernmental organizations under the UN framework.

c) as appropriate on an intergovernmental basis.

d) through/by appropriate international organizations.

5. through appropriate and mutually agreed international organizations.]

7) ICT-Applications: benefits in all aspects of life.

48. (43) The usage and deployment of ICTs should seek to create benefits in all aspects of our daily life. ICT applications are potentially important in government operations and services, health care and health information, education and training, employment, job creation, business, agriculture, transport, protection of environment and management of natural resources, disaster prevention, and culture, and to promote eradication of poverty and other agreed development goals. ICTs should also contribute to sustainable production and consumption patterns and reduce traditional barriers, providing an opportunity for all to access local and global markets in a more equitable manner. Applications should be user-friendly, accessible to all, affordable, adapted to local needs in languages and cultures, and support sustainable development.

8) Cultural [identity] and diversity, linguistic diversity and local content

49. (44) Cultural diversity is the common heritage of humankind. The Information Society should be founded on and stimulate respect for cultural identity, cultural and linguistic diversity, traditions and religions, and foster dialogue among cultures and civilizations. The promotion, protection and preservation of diverse cultural identities and languages as reflected in relevant agreed United Nations documents including UNESCO’s Declaration on Cultural Diversity, will further enrich the Information Society.

50. (45) The creation, dissemination and preservation of content in diverse languages and formats must be accorded high priority in building an inclusive Information Society, paying particular attention to the diversity of supply of creative work and due recognition of the rights of authors and artists. It is essential to promote the production of and accessibility to all contenteducational, scientific, cultural or recreationalin diverse languages and formats. The development of local content suited to domestic or regional needs will encourage social and economic development and will stimulate participation of all stakeholders, including people living in rural, remote and marginal areas.

51. (46) The preservation of cultural heritage is a crucial component of identity and self–understanding of individuals that links a community to its past. The information society should harness and preserve cultural heritage for the future by all appropriate methods, including digitization.

9) Media [development]

52. (47) The existence of [independent pluralistic and free] media [in accordance with the legal system of each country and] based on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights [particularly on Articles 19 and 29] is crucial to any conception of the Information Society. [Individuals and media should have access to available information]/[Freedom of access to and use of information for the creation, accumulation and dissemination of knowledge are important principles of the Information Society.] [Pluralism of information and diversity of media ownership should be encouraged]. Traditional media in all its forms will continue to have an important role in the Information Society and ICTs should play a supportive role in this regard. [Formulation of professional and ethical standards in journalism is the responsibility of media professionals.]

10) Ethical dimensions of the Information Society

53. (48A) The Information Society should respect peace and uphold the fundamental values of freedom, equality, solidarity, tolerance, shared responsibility, and respect for nature.

54. We acknowledge the importance of ethics for the Information Society, which should foster justice, and the dignity and worth of the human person. The widest possible protection should be accorded to the family.

55. (48C) The use of ICTs should respect human rights and fundamental freedoms of others, including personal privacy, and the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion.

56. (48B) All actors in the Information Society should prevent abusive uses of ICTs, such as criminal acts motivated by racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia, and related intolerance, hatred, violence, all forms of child abuse, including paedophilia and child pornography, and trafficking in, and exploitation of, human beings.

11) International and regional cooperation

57. (49) We aim at making full use of the opportunities offered by information and communication technologies, notably to assist effectively in the implementation of the internationally agreed development goals, including those contained in the Millennium Declaration. In order to build an inclusive global Information Society, we will rely on international cooperation in seeking concrete [approaches] [mechanisms], including financial and technical assistance, to bridge the digital divide. This will involve cooperation among states and other stakeholders, including international financial and other organizations. We therefore invite all stakeholders [to join in] [to commit to] the “Digital Solidarity Agenda”, [the section of] the Action Plan, that identifies concrete actions we plan to undertake and the targets we set ourselves in order to meet these goals.

58. (49bis) [Assist developing countries and countries with economies in transition in narrowing the digital divide, creating digital opportunities and harnessing the potential of information and communication technologies for development through technology transfer on mutually agreed terms and the provision of financial and technical support and, in this context, support the World Summit on the Information Society.]

C. Towards a shared knowledge and Information Society

59. (50) We commit ourselves to strengthening cooperation to seek common responses to the challenges and to the implementation of the Plan of Action, which will realize the vision of an inclusive Information Society based on the key principles incorporated in this Declaration.

60. (18) We further commit ourselves to monitor and evaluate progress in bridging the digital divide, taking into account different levels of development, so as to reach internationally agreed development goals, including those contained in the Millennium Declaration, and to assess the effectiveness of investment and international cooperation efforts in building the information society.

61. We are firmly convinced that we are collectively entering a new era of enormous potential, that of the Information Society and expanded human communication. In this emerging society, information and knowledge can be produced, exchanged, shared and communicated through all the networks of the world. All citizens can soon, if we take the necessary actions, share their ideas, knowledge and know-how to improve their common well being. We can together build a new information and shared knowledge society founded on global solidarity and on a better mutual understanding between peoples and nations.